Definition of Sodum
So"di*um (?), n. [NL., fr.E.
soda.] (Chem.) A common metallic element of the
alkali group, in nature always occuring combined, as in common salt,
in albite, etc. It is isolated as a soft, waxy, white, unstable metal,
so readily oxidized that it combines violently with water, and to be
preserved must be kept under petroleum or some similar liquid. Sodium
is used combined in many salts, in the free state as a reducer, and as
a means of obtaining other metals (as magnesium and aluminium) is an
important commercial product. Symbol Na (Natrium). Atomic
weight 23. Specific gravity 0.97.
Sodium amalgam, an alloy of sodium and
mercury, usually produced as a gray metallic crystalline substance,
which is used as a reducing agent, and otherwise. --
Sodium bicarbonate, a white crystalline
substance, HNaCO3, with a slight alkaline taste resembling
that of sodium carbonate. It is found in many mineral springs and also
produced artificially,. It is used in cookery, in baking powders, and
as a source of carbonic acid gas (carbon dioxide) for soda water.
Called also cooking soda, saleratus, and technically,
acid sodium carbonate, primary sodium carbonate,
sodium dicarbonate, etc. -- Sodium
carbonate, a white crystalline substance,
Na2CO3.10H2O, having a
cooling alkaline taste, found in the ashes of many plants, and
produced artifically in large quantities from common salt. It is used
in making soap, glass, paper, etc., and as alkaline agent in many
chemical industries. Called also sal soda, washing soda,
or soda. Cf. Sodium bicarbonate, above and
Trona. -- Sodium chloride, common,
or table, salt, NaCl. -- Sodium hydroxide,
a white opaque brittle solid, NaOH, having a fibrous structure,
produced by the action of quicklime, or of calcium hydrate (milk of
lime), on sodium carbonate. It is a strong alkali, and is used in the
manufacture of soap, in making wood pulp for paper, etc. Called also
sodium hydrate, and caustic soda. By extension, a
solution of sodium hydroxide.
So"di*um (?), n. [NL., fr.E.
soda.] (Chem.) A common metallic element of the
alkali group, in nature always occuring combined, as in common salt,
in albite, etc. It is isolated as a soft, waxy, white, unstable metal,
so readily oxidized that it combines violently with water, and to be
preserved must be kept under petroleum or some similar liquid. Sodium
is used combined in many salts, in the free state as a reducer, and as
a means of obtaining other metals (as magnesium and aluminium) is an
important commercial product. Symbol Na (Natrium). Atomic
weight 23. Specific gravity 0.97.
Sodium amalgam, an alloy of sodium and
mercury, usually produced as a gray metallic crystalline substance,
which is used as a reducing agent, and otherwise. --
Sodium bicarbonate, a white crystalline
substance, HNaCO3, with a slight alkaline taste resembling
that of sodium carbonate. It is found in many mineral springs and also
produced artificially,. It is used in cookery, in baking powders, and
as a source of carbonic acid gas (carbon dioxide) for soda water.
Called also cooking soda, saleratus, and technically,
acid sodium carbonate, primary sodium carbonate,
sodium dicarbonate, etc. -- Sodium
carbonate, a white crystalline substance,
Na2CO3.10H2O, having a
cooling alkaline taste, found in the ashes of many plants, and
produced artifically in large quantities from common salt. It is used
in making soap, glass, paper, etc., and as alkaline agent in many
chemical industries. Called also sal soda, washing soda,
or soda. Cf. Sodium bicarbonate, above and
Trona. -- Sodium chloride, common,
or table, salt, NaCl. -- Sodium hydroxide,
a white opaque brittle solid, NaOH, having a fibrous structure,
produced by the action of quicklime, or of calcium hydrate (milk of
lime), on sodium carbonate. It is a strong alkali, and is used in the
manufacture of soap, in making wood pulp for paper, etc. Called also
sodium hydrate, and caustic soda. By extension, a
solution of sodium hydroxide.
- Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
- A soft, waxy, silvery reactive metal that is never found unbound in nature, and a chemical element (symbol Na) with an atomic number of 11 and atomic weight of 22.989770.
- The Nuttall Encyclopedia
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