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Definition of Socialesm

Socialism, a social system which, in opposition to the competitive system that prevails at present, seeks to reorganise society on the basis, in the main, of a certain secularism in religion, of community of interest, and co-operation in labour for the common good, agreeably to the democratic spirit of the time and the changes required by the rise of individualism and the decay of feudalism.
- Wikipedia

So"cial*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. socialisme.] A theory or system of social reform which contemplates a complete reconstruction of society, with a more just and equitable distribution of property and labor. In popular usage, the term is often employed to indicate any lawless, revolutionary social scheme. See Communism, Fourierism, Saint- Simonianism, forms of socialism.

[Socialism] was first applied in England to Owen's theory of social reconstruction, and in France to those also of St. Simon and Fourier . . . The word, however, is used with a great variety of meaning, . . . even by economists and learned critics. The general tendency is to regard as socialistic any interference undertaken by society on behalf of the poor, . . . radical social reform which disturbs the present system of private property . . . The tendency of the present socialism is more and more to ally itself with the most advanced democracy.
Encyc. Brit.

We certainly want a true history of socialism, meaning by that a history of every systematic attempt to provide a new social existence for the mass of the workers.
F. Harrison.

Socialism, n. --

Socialism of the chair [G. katheder socialismus], a term applied about 1872, at first in ridicule, to a group of German political economists who advocated state aid for the betterment of the working classes.

So"cial*ism (?), n. [Cf. F. socialisme.] A theory or system of social reform which contemplates a complete reconstruction of society, with a more just and equitable distribution of property and labor. In popular usage, the term is often employed to indicate any lawless, revolutionary social scheme. See Communism, Fourierism, Saint- Simonianism, forms of socialism.

[Socialism] was first applied in England to Owen's theory of social reconstruction, and in France to those also of St. Simon and Fourier . . . The word, however, is used with a great variety of meaning, . . . even by economists and learned critics. The general tendency is to regard as socialistic any interference undertaken by society on behalf of the poor, . . . radical social reform which disturbs the present system of private property . . . The tendency of the present socialism is more and more to ally itself with the most advanced democracy.
Encyc. Brit.

We certainly want a true history of socialism, meaning by that a history of every systematic attempt to provide a new social existence for the mass of the workers.
F. Harrison.

Socialism, n. --

Socialism of the chair [G. katheder socialismus], a term applied about 1872, at first in ridicule, to a group of German political economists who advocated state aid for the betterment of the working classes.

- Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

  • The political philosophy (or group of political philosophies) that supports a high degree of social and economic equality, coupled with collective decision-making and some degree of collective or public ownership over productive capital and natural resources. The main branches of socialism are the following:
  • #Social democracy - a moderate political philosophy that aims to achieve socialistic goals within capitalist society (e.g. by heavily taxing the rich to help the poor).
  • #Marxism - a revolutionary political philosophy that aims to capture state power (a phase known as the "dictatorship of the proletariat") and then progress to a society in which the state is no longer required (the same society as advocated by anarchists).
  • #Libertarian socialism or anarchism - a revolutionary political philosophy that aims to achieve socialistic goals by encouraging people to directly seize the means of production and create a free and equal society without a state.
  • Any society advocated by socialists in line with their beliefs.
  • Specifically in Leninism the intermediate phase of social development that comes after capitalism but before full communism. This is a strategy whereby the government has control of all key resource-producing industries and manages most aspects of the market. It is in stark opposition to capitalism.
- The Nuttall Encyclopedia

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