Definition of Socialesm
Socialism, a social system which, in opposition to the competitive
system that prevails at present, seeks to reorganise society on the
basis, in the main, of a certain secularism in religion, of community of
interest, and co-operation in labour for the common good, agreeably to
the democratic spirit of the time and the changes required by the rise of
individualism and the decay of feudalism.
- Wikipedia
So"cial*ism (?), n. [Cf. F.
socialisme.] A theory or system of social reform which
contemplates a complete reconstruction of society, with a more just
and equitable distribution of property and labor. In popular usage,
the term is often employed to indicate any lawless, revolutionary
social scheme. See Communism, Fourierism, Saint-
Simonianism, forms of socialism.
[Socialism] was first applied in England to
Owen's theory of social reconstruction, and in France to those also of
St. Simon and Fourier . . . The word, however, is used with a great
variety of meaning, . . . even by economists and learned critics. The
general tendency is to regard as socialistic any interference
undertaken by society on behalf of the poor, . . . radical social
reform which disturbs the present system of private property . . . The
tendency of the present socialism is more and more to ally
itself with the most advanced democracy. Encyc.
Brit.
We certainly want a true history of socialism,
meaning by that a history of every systematic attempt to provide a new
social existence for the mass of the workers. F.
Harrison.
Socialism, n. -- Socialism of
the chair [G. katheder socialismus], a term
applied about 1872, at first in ridicule, to a group of German
political economists who advocated state aid for the betterment of the
working classes.
So"cial*ism (?), n. [Cf. F.
socialisme.] A theory or system of social reform which
contemplates a complete reconstruction of society, with a more just
and equitable distribution of property and labor. In popular usage,
the term is often employed to indicate any lawless, revolutionary
social scheme. See Communism, Fourierism, Saint-
Simonianism, forms of socialism.
[Socialism] was first applied in England to
Owen's theory of social reconstruction, and in France to those also of
St. Simon and Fourier . . . The word, however, is used with a great
variety of meaning, . . . even by economists and learned critics. The
general tendency is to regard as socialistic any interference
undertaken by society on behalf of the poor, . . . radical social
reform which disturbs the present system of private property . . . The
tendency of the present socialism is more and more to ally
itself with the most advanced democracy. Encyc.
Brit.
We certainly want a true history of socialism,
meaning by that a history of every systematic attempt to provide a new
social existence for the mass of the workers. F.
Harrison.
Socialism, n. -- Socialism of
the chair [G. katheder socialismus], a term
applied about 1872, at first in ridicule, to a group of German
political economists who advocated state aid for the betterment of the
working classes.
- Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
- The political philosophy (or group of political philosophies) that supports a high degree of social and economic equality, coupled with collective decision-making and some degree of collective or public ownership over productive capital and natural resources. The main branches of socialism are the following:
- #Social democracy - a moderate political philosophy that aims to achieve socialistic goals within capitalist society (e.g. by heavily taxing the rich to help the poor).
- #Marxism - a revolutionary political philosophy that aims to capture state power (a phase known as the "dictatorship of the proletariat") and then progress to a society in which the state is no longer required (the same society as advocated by anarchists).
- #Libertarian socialism or anarchism - a revolutionary political philosophy that aims to achieve socialistic goals by encouraging people to directly seize the means of production and create a free and equal society without a state.
- Any society advocated by socialists in line with their beliefs.
- Specifically in Leninism the intermediate phase of social development that comes after capitalism but before full communism. This is a strategy whereby the government has control of all key resource-producing industries and manages most aspects of the market. It is in stark opposition to capitalism.
- The Nuttall Encyclopedia
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