Definition of Carban
Car"bon (kär"b&obreve;n), n.
[F. carbone, fr. L. carbo coal; cf. Skr.
çrā to cook.] (Chem.) An
elementary substance, not metallic in its nature, which is
present in all organic compounds. Atomic weight 11.97. Symbol C.
it is combustible, and forms the base of lampblack and charcoal,
and enters largely into mineral coals. In its pure crystallized
state it constitutes the diamond, the hardest of known
substances, occuring in monometric crystals like the octahedron,
etc. Another modification is graphite, or blacklead, and in this
it is soft, and occurs in hexagonal prisms or tables. When united
with oxygen it forms carbon dioxide, commonly called carbonic
acid, or carbonic oxide, according to the proportions of the
oxygen; when united with hydrogen, it forms various compounds
called hydrocarbons. Compare Diamond, and
Graphite.
Carbon compounds, Compounds of
carbon (Chem.), those compounds consisting
largely of carbon, commonly produced by animals and plants, and
hence called organic compounds, though their synthesis may
be effected in many cases in the laboratory.
The formation of the compounds of carbon is
not dependent upon the life process.
I. Remsen
-- Carbon dioxide, Carbon
monoxide. (Chem.) See under
Carbonic. -- Carbon light
(Elec.), an extremely brilliant electric light
produced by passing a galvanic current through two carbon points
kept constantly with their apexes neary in contact. --
Carbon point (Elec.), a small
cylinder or bit of gas carbon moved forward by clockwork so that,
as it is burned away by the electric current, it shall constantly
maintain its proper relation to the opposing point. --
Carbon tissue, paper coated with gelatine
and pigment, used in the autotype process of photography.
Abney. -- Gas carbon, a compact
variety of carbon obtained as an incrustation on the interior of
gas retorts, and used for the manufacture of the carbon rods of
pencils for the voltaic, arc, and for the plates of voltaic
batteries, etc.
Car"bon, n. (Elec.) A carbon
rod or pencil used in an arc lamp; also, a plate or piece of carbon
used as one of the elements of a voltaic battery.
Car"bon, n. (Elec.) A carbon
rod or pencil used in an arc lamp; also, a plate or piece of carbon
used as one of the elements of a voltaic battery.
- Webster's Unabridged Dictionary (1913)
- (uncountable) The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6.
- (countable, informal) A sheet of carbon paper.
- (countable, informal) A carbon copy.
- A fossil fuel that is made of impure carbon such as coal or charcoal.
- (ecology; uncountable) Carbon dioxide, in the context of global warming and climate change.
- The Nuttall Encyclopedia
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